Basutoland was renamed the
Kingdom of
Lesotho upon independence from the UK in 1966. Constitutional government
was restored in 1993 after 23 years of military rule
The capital
is the city of Maseru (1997 pop. est.
386,000). Other important cities
are :Teyateyaneng (240,754), Leribe
(300,160), Mafeteng (211,970), Mohale's Hoek (184,034).
Terrain: High veld, plateau and mountains.
Climate: Temperate; summers hot, winters cool to cold; humidity
generally low and evenings cool year round. Rainy season in summer,
winters dry. Southern hemisphere seasons are reversed.
Lesotho's economy is based on
agriculture, livestock, manufacturing, and the earnings of laborers
employed in South Africa. Lesotho is geographically surrounded by South
Africa and economically integrated with it as well. The majority of
households subsist on farming or migrant labor, primarily miners in
South Africa for 3 to 9 months. The western lowlands form the main
agricultural zone. Almost 50% of the population earn some income through
crop cultivation or animal husbandry with nearly two-thirds of the
country's income coming from the agricultural sector.